Zonda wind: what it is and what to do
The zonda is a warm, dry and often dusty wind that comes down from the Andes toward the east. It is typical of Mendoza, San Juan and La Rioja, and can also be felt in other provinces near the mountains. This guide explains how it forms and how to look after yourself. It is general information: always follow the official SMN warnings.
How it forms
When humid Pacific air climbs the Chilean side of the Andes, it cools and drops its moisture as snow or rain. Descending the Argentine side it is compressed and heats up, arriving drier and warmer than it left. This is called the foehn effect.
What it feels like
- A sudden rise in temperature, sometimes several degrees in a few hours, even in winter.
- Very low humidity and dry air that dries out the throat, nose and skin.
- Wind gusts, dust and poor visibility in some areas.
When it is most common
It can happen several times a year and is most common between May and November. It usually ends when a wind shift arrives, often with a sharp drop in temperature.
What precautions to take
- Drink plenty of water and look after the most sensitive: children, older adults and people with breathing problems or allergies.
- Avoid outdoor activities while there is strong wind and dust, and protect your eyes.
- Dry air and wind raise the risk of fires: do not light fires or throw cigarette butts, and watch dry grassland.
- Secure loose objects (plant pots, awnings, light roofing) that the wind could move.
How to follow it on this site
Check your city's temperature, wind and gusts on its weather page, and look up your place in Alerts to see whether the SMN issued a zonda warning. Official alerts are published by the SMN at smn.gob.ar/alertas.
General, educational information: it does not replace professional advice or official warnings.